Healthypeople 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Healthypeople 1 - Essay Example The spirit and intention of Healthy People 2020 policy was to ensure that every citizen access quality healthcare regardless of the social and economic status. Another fundamental point that you have raised in this post is that IOM must ensure that customer is the boss. Quality healthcare is achieved when the customer is satisfied. Patient should always come first in all issues of healthcare because without the patients there would be no need of constructing health facilities. You have concluded your well-written post by giving a recommendation to all patients to consider taking advantage of technological advancement such as mobile phones apps and Google searches to manage their own health. It is through technology that patients can become better informed about health issues facing the. The noble task of taking personal responsibility of educating patients is something that must be emulated and adopted by everyone because effort of a single individual has little impact in achieving the goal of Health for all by 2020 as compared to cumulative effort of many

Uses For Polymers - my bullet proof vest design Essay Example for Free

Uses For Polymers my bullet proof vest design Essay Greetings. My name is Paulos Zerezghi and I have now invented a feature which may change the world. I have been inspired to create this due to all the wars and crimes in our world today. My creation is Full Bullet-Proof Clothing. I have combined casual clothing which may be also used for the military. This is an original idea which has not been created. This Bullet-Proof clothing would be fully-compatible for police, security and military and also ordinary citizens who may be in need of secured clothing for safety reasons. My revolutionary invention will be named Block-Tex or scientific name Block-Tex Chloride. The chloride from my invention, is formed when the element chlorine – a halogen picks up one electron to form an anion. My creation has upgraded the classic ‘bulletproof vest’ which has been worn by different forms of security at the moment. I believe that this soon will not be the case. The full Block-Tex jacket is super-light weighing at only 115g allowing people to run and walk easier which may be very useful for police and the military. Also, Block-Tex clothing will provide tough material to prevent bullets penetrating through. Amazingly, Block-Tex even prevents blades piercing through and shrapnel from explosions. Manufacturing Block-Tex Chloride is synthesized in solution from the monomers 1,4-phenylene-diamine (para-phenylenediamine) and terephthaloyl chloride in a condensation reaction yielding hydrochloric acid as a by product. The result has liquid-crystalline behaviour, and mechanical drawing orients the polymer chains in the fibres direction. Cracking will be featured in the creation of Block-Tex so it can break down molecules that are complex. Heavy hydrocarbons may also be broken down into simpler molecules by the breaking of carbon-carbon bonds in the precursors. The polymer will not be created to be monounsaturated because that may mean that only one double bond in the whole hydrocarbon will be able which wouldn’t work as this invention would need more than one. The plastic will be unsaturated which means that they would be more than one double bond featured in the hydrocarbon. Alkenes will be featured in my invention, in most of the hydrocarbons; causing the product to be stronger, tougher and more resistant to bullets and shrapnel. But In some of the hydrocarbons, monomers will feature alkane so that the vest is flexibleand lightweight making my invention one of a kind. Cross-links will also be featured to create my product. Cross-links will allow the material to be hard and stiff (making it harder for bullets to penetrate), making it not flappy and soft similar to natural rubber. Using cross-links will make us use vulcanisation which can be used to make car tyres from natural rubber. After testing, I can announce that Block-Tex has been developed to be resistant to heat (thermosetting). This may be useful as Block-Tex is able to withstand heat from explosions. Characteristics of Product My product features fabulous characteristics. The polymer features variety of colours and also alters Block-Tex to camouflage with the environment. This allows the product to not be obvious to see. The product’s camouflage ability is created so that enemies or criminals will not be able to recognise whether there wearing a bulletproof vest/clothing or not. This is definitely a huge requirement for militaries and armies throughout the world. Another characteristic that Block-Tex has is that it’s lightweight – this feature allows soldiers, police etc. to run fast and long distances without problems what so ever. Also, due to Block-Tex’s casual availability, it can be easier worn anywhere and everywhere without the need of support. To continue, my product is efficient as it is biodegradable. The meaning of the term, biodegradable, is that when the polymer finally becomes of no use, it can be broken down and completely dissolved and destroyed. This is a good quality of my polymer and helps the environment unlike supermarket bags which takes hundreds of years to break down and destroy. Uses of Block-Tex Block-Tex may have many difference uses. It may be to be safe warzones. Personally, I believe that crime is a factor that you can be safe from. In many areas around the world like Columbia and Iran where gun crime could be featured in their daily basis. Block-Tex can prevent gun crime as my product is strong enough to thwart a 50-calibre magnum to a SPAS-12 shotgun and even a thrown butterfly knife to the torso. Block-Tex can support soldiers in warzone countries like Afghanistan and Somalia where landmines are placed and gunshots are fired. Block-Tex may not fully support soldiers from a mine, but gives them a higher chance of survival. My product can save lives, so why wouldn’t you buy it? The meaning of the term, biodegradable, is that when the product finally becomes of no use, it can be broken down and completely dissolved and destroyed. Block-Tex have accomplished this and is fully biodegradable. Block-Tex is the first and only product to provide bulletproof vest/clothing that can be resistant to bullets, blades and shrapnel plus keep the product strong with it being biodegradable at the same time. Large supermarket companies like ASDA and Tesco don’t sell/use biodegradable plastic bags. Tesco and ASDA shopping bags are not environmental-friendly and take hundreds of years to degrade and destroy. Tesco and ASDA however buy these bags as they buy in a large scale and those bags are cheap. Biodegradable plastic bags are expensive. We have put the effort to make Block-Tex biodegradable, whatever the cost. When the product is broken down, it goes into smaller and simpler compounds such as water and carbon dioxide. Toxicity Block-Tex is fully non-toxic unless some bulletproof vests in the market today. My product is safe with a percentage of 0% toxicity. Block-Tex would not alter any devices placed next to it. Unlike oil, Block-Tex is designed not to be toxic which allows it not to harm animals and sea-animals. Unfortunately, Block-Tex Chloride is being tested on pigs, rats and mice which all have similar systems to humans. Our experiments however, are designed not to harm them severely. The fibres used to create Block-Tex may be toxic when broken down. If the toxic fibres enter your skin, it may cause irritation and minor scratching, but does not trigger allergic reactions or create allergic reactions. From the knowledge of experimenting on mice, Block-Tex has been proven to be non-toxic when swallowed. However, dust from the product may be harmful for those who suffer asthma (if swallowed) as it may trigger it and cause allergies. Oil Loss? Block-Tex are thinking of possible solutions for when oil reserves run out. When oil does run out, it will for sure effect our business hard as crude oil is a major factor for manufacturing this product. The polymer is alternated and synthesized. Crude oil is the beginning of the creation of Block-Tex and the ‘spring’ of where requirements are found. Hydrocarbons are featured in crude oil, which is the vast reason why crude oil is used. Crude Oil is found in the ground where it is tunnelled and mined out. It is major use of our technology today. However, many sources have found that crude oil will finish in less than a dozen years due to our overuse. This will be a major setback and will force us to use alternatives. Nuclear power may be an alternative in the near future due to it’s reliability, efficiency and environmental-friendly factors. However, there are weaknesses. Nuclear waste would be a problem as it is unknown what to do with it and power stations of nuclear are expensive to build, not fitting most countries budget. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kevlar http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulletproof_vest http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crude_oil

Conjunto com bancos de dados relacionais

Conjunto com bancos de dados relacionais Resumo. A programaà §Ãƒ £o orientada a objetos à © utilizada hà ¡ muito tempo em conjunto com bancos de dados relacionais, que à © considerado o padrà £o adotado pelo mercado hà ¡ anos. Entretanto, a passagem de dados de um objeto para uma tabela de um banco de dados relacional, do ponto de vista conceitual, costuma ser incompatà ­vel devido as adaptaà §Ãƒ µes realizadas no modelo relacional para implementar integridades referenciais, facilitar consultas, etc. Por isso, outras tecnologias foram desenvolvidas para tornar a persistà ªncia de objetos em bancos de dados relacional mais natural. Neste trabalho, sà £o apresentadas duas tecnologias com este objetivo: DB4O, que utiliza um banco de dados orientado a objetos, armazenando diretamente a instà ¢ncia da classe no banco de dados e o framework JPA, que mapeia os objetos e seus atributos para suas respectivas tabelas no banco de dados relacional. A ferramenta Eclipse e o banco de dados MySQL foram utilizados para a impleme ntaà §Ãƒ £o das aplicaà §Ãƒ µes neste trabalho. Palavras-chave: JPA, DB4O, Banco de Dados nà £o convencional, Mapeamento Objeto-Relacional, Banco de Dados Orientado a Objeto, MySQL. 1 Introduà §Ãƒ £o 1.1 Motivaà §Ãƒ £o O crescente avanà §o do paradigma de programaà §Ãƒ £o orientado a objetos tornou necessà ¡rio o estudo acerca de novas formas de persistir os dados de um sistema, pois o modelo relacional nà £o à © diretamente compatà ­vel com o paradigma, visto que nà £o foi feito pensando para orientaà §Ãƒ £o a objetos. Existem duas abordagens que sà £o o objeto de estudo deste trabalho para tratar persistà ªncia de dados: bancos de dados orientados a objetos e mapeamento objeto-relacional. Bancos de dados orientados a objetos suportam o armazenamento de objetos complexos, mantendo sua estrutura, ao contrà ¡rio dos bancos relacionais que desconhecem o conceito de objeto. Objetos sà £o abstraà §Ãƒ µes do mundo real e a manipulaà §Ãƒ £o destes à © mais simples de entender quando comparado à  s abstraà §Ãƒ µes de um banco de dados relacional. Embora nà £o seja muito utilizado comercialmente, bancos de dados orientados a objeto và ªm evoluindo bastante, permitindo aplicaà §Ãƒ µes cada vez mais robustas e atuando principalmente nas à ¡reas de manipulaà §Ãƒ £o de objetos complexos como espaciais, som e và ­deo. O mapeamento objeto-relacional justamente serve para mapear os objetos em tabelas de um banco de dados relacional, utilizando todas as vantagens desse banco de dados e sendo transparente para o usuà ¡rio. Isto facilita o trabalho do desenvolvedor e permite uma melhor visualizaà §Ãƒ £o da relaà §Ãƒ £o entre os objetos e as relaà §Ãƒ µes do banco reacional. Este trabalho à © resultado da primeira parte da disciplina ministrada pelo professor Sean W. M. Siqueira no primeiro semestre de 2009. A disciplina trata de bancos de dados nà £o convencionais, e faz parte do currà ­culo de Bacharelado em Sistemas de Informaà §Ãƒ £o da Unirio (Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro) como disciplina optativa da linha de Banco de Dados. 1.2 Objetivo O objetivo deste trabalho à © apresentar duas tecnologias voltadas para o desenvolvimento orientado a objeto (DB4O e JPA) e como realizar suas respectivas implementaà §Ãƒ µes que testam a persistà ªncia em um banco de dados orientado a objeto, mais especificamente o DB4O, e a persistà ªncia utilizando o mapeamento objeto-relacional, atravà ©s do framework JPA. Apà ³s a demonstraà §Ãƒ £o destas duas implementaà §Ãƒ µes, foi realizada uma comparaà §Ãƒ £o entre as duas abordagens, incluindo a abordagem de desenvolvimento tradicional. 1.3 Modelo de classes Para a aplicaà §Ãƒ £o, desenvolvemos o seguinte modelo de classes: 1.4 Estrutura do Relatà ³rio O relatà ³rio està ¡ estruturado em elementos prà ©-textuais, 5 (cinco) capà ­tulos, e elementos pà ³s-textuais. Na primeira parte hà ¡ itens como sumà ¡rio e à ­ndices. Em seguida, està £o os capà ­tulos que està £o brevemente descritos a seguir, e, por fim, os elementos pà ³s-textuais. capà ­tulo 1 explica a motivaà §Ãƒ £o e o objetivo para este trabalho. capà ­tulo 2 apresenta o passo-a-passo para a implementaà §Ãƒ £o de uma aplicaà §Ãƒ £o utilizando a tecnologia DB4O. capà ­tulo 4 apresenta o passo-a-passo para desenvolvimento de uma aplicaà §Ãƒ £o utilizando o framework JPA. capà ­tulo 4 apresenta as conclusà µes do presente trabalho, comparando as tecnologias envolvidas. capà ­tulo 5 apresenta as referà ªncias bibliogrà ¡ficas. 2 Etapas do desenvolvimento de aplicaà §Ãƒ £o utilizando DB4O Este capà ­tulo apresenta o passo-a-passo para desenvolvimento de aplicaà §Ãƒ £o utilizando o DB4O. 2.1 Softwares utilizados Os seguintes softwares foram utilizados para a implementaà §Ãƒ £o dos servià §os. Eclipse JDK 6 2.2 Introduà §Ãƒ £o ao DB4O banco de dados orientado a objetos DB4o à © um software open source de fà ¡cil instalaà §Ãƒ £o e baixa necessidade de recurso, uma vez que ele nà £o à © um SGBD e por isso nà £o possui interface grà ¡fica e outras funcionalidades de gerenciamento. DB4o foi feito para poder ser utilizado em plataformas desktop, celulares, servidores, contanto que o ambiente seja orientado a objetos. Alà ©m disso, ele nà £o exige a necessidade de nenhuma programaà §Ãƒ £o ou ferramenta para mapear a orientaà §Ãƒ £o a objetos para o modelo relacional, pois ele faz uso da orientaà §Ãƒ £o a objetos a seu favor, permitindo que o modelo seja uma representaà §Ãƒ £o fiel do banco de dados. DB4o nà £o possui instalaà §Ãƒ £o. No desenvolvimento realizado, utilizando o Eclipse, a à ºnica aà §Ãƒ £o necessà ¡ria para instalar o DB4o foi importar o arquivo .jar como uma biblioteca para o eclipse. Apà ³s isso, os pacotes com os objetos necessà ¡rios para persistir os dados no DB4o està £o prontos para serem utilizados. Como o DB4o nà £o necessita de mapeamento, tambà ©m nà £o necessita de modelo là ³gico e fà ­sico, visto que ele à © totalmente baseado na orientaà §Ãƒ £o a objetos, logo, o banco segue o modelo de classes. 2.3 Metodologia de desenvolvimento Para realizar o desenvolvimento da aplicaà §Ãƒ £o, primeiro define-se as classes POJO (Plain Java Object). Os objetos que serà £o armazenados no DB4O sà £o pertencentes a essas classes de objetos implementadas no inà ­cio do desenvolvimento. Depois, desenvolve-se uma classe que permite inserà §Ãƒ £o, consulta, alteraà §Ãƒ £o e exclusà £o de objetos do banco. Para isso, à © necessà ¡rio importar diversas bibliotecas externas pertinentes ao desenvolvimento para DB4O e tambà ©m abrir o arquivo onde os objetos serà £o armazenados, instanciando um objeto da classe ObjectContainer, que representarà ¡ o banco de dados. Para inserà §Ãƒ £o de objetos no DB4O, utilizamos o mà ©todo set da classe ObjectContainer, que armazena um objeto passado como parà ¢metro no DB4O. Para consulta de objetos no DB4O utilizamos o mà ©todo QueryByExample, que utiliza um objeto passado como parà ¢metro como exemplo e busca o objeto semelhante no DB4O. O resultado à © armazenado em uma varià ¡vel do tipo ObjectSet. Para alteraà §Ãƒ £o de objetos no DB4O à © necessà ¡rio consultar o objeto que se deseja alterar e armazenà ¡-lo em um objeto da classe desejada. Depois, alterar os dados atravà ©s do mà ©todo set definido na classe POJO e colocar no DB4O atravà ©s do mà ©todo store, definido na classe ObjectContainer. Para a deleà §Ãƒ £o de objetos no DB4O à © necessà ¡rio consultar o objeto que se deseja remover e utilizar o mà ©todo delete, definido na classe ObjectContainer. 2.4 Passo a passo para implementaà §Ãƒ £o de uma aplicaà §Ãƒ £o utilizando o DB4O O DB4O consiste em um arquivo .jar apenas, entà £o o primeiro passo (apà ³s realizar o download do DB4O) à © verificar qual .jar utilizar. Nesse caso, utilizamos o DB4o-7.4-java5.jar, pois à © o indicado para que utiliza o JDK 5 ou 6. 3 Etapas do desenvolvimento de aplicaà §Ãƒ £o utilizando JPA Este capà ­tulo apresenta o passo-a-passo para desenvolvimento de aplicaà §Ãƒ £o utilizando o framework JPA. 3.1 Softwares utilizados Os seguintes softwares foram utilizados para a implementaà §Ãƒ £o dos servià §os. Eclipse Ganymede versà £o 3.4.0 (possui OpenJPA nativo) JDK 1.5 Hibernate MySQL 3.2 Introduà §Ãƒ £o ao JPA O Java Persistence API (JPA) à © um produto implementado pela SUN, especificado para oferecer uma persistà ªncia transparente de objetos Java. O OpenJPA à © uma implementaà §Ãƒ £o disponibilizada como software livre, desenvolvida pela Apache Software Foundation baseada no JPA produzido pela SUN. O JPA define um padrà £o de mapeamento dos objetos do modelo orientado a objetos para o modelo relacional, trazendo as vantagens dos dois mundos: a programaà §Ãƒ £o orientada a objetos, paradigma consagrado de desenvolvimento e os bancos de dados relacionais, igualmente consagrados em termos de utilizaà §Ãƒ £o e desempenho. Alà ©m disso, a tecnologia possui amplo suporte pela maioria dos das grandes empresas do mercado: Apache, Oracle, BEA, JBoss. As camadas que compà µe o framework para o mapeamento objeto-relacional utilizando JPA podem ser visualizadas na Figura 14: O JPA provà ª uma API simples e padronizada de persistà ªncia para Java SE e Java EE. Essa padronizaà §Ãƒ £o permite a modularizaà §Ãƒ £o do provedor JPA que à © oferecido em diversas versà µes por và ¡rios desenvolvedores, dando a opà §Ãƒ £o de escolha o usuà ¡rio final. A padronizaà §Ãƒ £o da tecnologia permite o aumento da produtividade e o uso de anotaà §Ãƒ µes (Annotations) simplifica a configuraà §Ãƒ £o das entidades. Seus objetos sà £o baseados em classes POJO (Plain Old Java Objects) e sua implementaà §Ãƒ £o oferece suporte a heranà §a e polimorfismo. O JPA à © compatà ­vel com a linguagem de consulta Java Persistence Query Language (JP-QL) que utiliza uma sintaxe prà ³xima a SQL, porà ©m à © voltada para consulta de entidades e suas propriedades, criando independà ªncia em relaà §Ãƒ £o à   modelagem fà ­sica do banco de dados. A JPQL à © capaz de realizar consultas està ¡ticas (named queries) e consultas dinà ¢micas e permite a construà §Ãƒ £o de consultas complexas. Portanto, o JPA à © uma soluà §Ãƒ £o completa para mapeamento e persistà ªncia de objetos, sendo composto pelo modo declarativo de descrever mapeamento O/R, linguagem de consulta e recursos para manipulaà §Ãƒ £o de entidades. 3.3 Metodologia de desenvolvimento Apà ³s a definià §Ãƒ £o do modelo relacional, desenvolvem-se as classes POJO referentes as tabelas no banco de dados. Entà £o se insere as anotaà §Ãƒ µes (annotations) que declaram que a classe possui uma respectiva tabela no banco de dados. Entretanto, ainda à © necessà ¡rio registrar essas classes no arquivo persistence.xml, que serà ¡ utilizado para definir o subconjunto de classes que poderà £o ser gerenciadas. Ao escrever o cà ³digo, deverà ¡ ser instanciada um objeto do tipo EntityManagerFactory passando o arquivo persistence.xml como parà ¢metro. A partir deste objeto, à © criado outro do tipo EntityManager, responsà ¡vel por gerenciar o ciclo de vida das entidades que està £o registradas. Ao iniciar a manipulaà §Ãƒ £o dos objetos, à © necessà ¡rio iniciar uma transaà §Ãƒ £o e entà £o registrar os comandos CRUD para serem executados. Entà £o, ao final, realiza-se o commit ou rollback destas operaà §Ãƒ µes. A Figura 15 resume o fluxo de mapeamento objeto-relacional seguido pelo JPA. 3.4 Passo a passo para implementaà §Ãƒ £o de uma aplicaà §Ãƒ £o utilizando JPA O primeiro passo para iniciar a implementaà §Ãƒ £o de uma aplicaà §Ãƒ £o utilizando o framework JPA à © baixar os arquivos JAR necessà ¡rios para realizar as importaà §Ãƒ µes das classes que serà £o utilizadas no programa. Como serà ¡ utilizado como provedor JPA (Figura 2) o framework de persistà ªncia Hibernate, os seguintes pacotes serà £o necessà ¡rios: Hibernate Core, Hibernate Annotations e Hibernate Entity Manager, que està £o disponà ­veis em http://sourceforge.net/projects/hibernate/files/. No desenvolvimento da aplicaà §Ãƒ £o foram utilizadas as versà µes 3.2.0.GA do Hibernate Core, 3.3.0 GA do Hibernate Annotations e 3.3.1.GA do Hibernate Entity Manager. Cabe salientar que pacotes de outras versà µes do Hibernate podem resultar em falhas e erros inesperados em relaà §Ãƒ £o aos procedimentos realizados neste relatà ³rio. O driver JDBC para o MySQL tambà ©m à © necessà ¡rio e pode ser baixado no site oficial do MySQL, em http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/connector/j/5.1.html. Para o desenvolvimento da aplicaà §Ãƒ £o foi utilizado a versà £o 5.1.7 do driver JDBC para o MySQL. Em posse dos arquivos necessà ¡rios, iniciam-se os passos para o desenvolvimento da aplicaà §Ãƒ £o no Eclipse. 4 Conclusà £o Conforme apresentado, o desenvolvimento utilizando bancos de dados orientado a objetos apresenta diversas facilidades em relaà §Ãƒ £o à   proposta tradicional de desenvolvimento e à   proposta de mapeamento objeto-relacional. Essas vantagens sà £o as seguintes: Modelagem mais real: permite que o seu modelo de classes seja o seu modelo de armazenamento de dados, pois armazena exatamente os objetos como eles foram criados para serem armazenados, sem necessidade de nenhum tipo de transformaà §Ãƒ £o Representaà §Ãƒ £o de dados com formatos varià ¡veis: no relacional, as tuplas precisam ser homogà ªneas e os atributos atà ´micos, enquanto que no OO isso nà £o à © necessà ¡rio. à © possà ­vel ter dados em formatos varià ¡veis. Facilidade de instalaà §Ãƒ £o e utilizaà §Ãƒ £o: à © mais fà ¡cil e rà ¡pido instalar o DB4o do que algum banco de dados relacional, pois nà £o à © necessà ¡rio configurar e criar um banco de dados previamente, nem à © necessà ¡rio realizar um modelo relacional, fà ­sico e là ³gico, pois o prà ³prio modelo de classes à © a representaà §Ãƒ £o dos dados no banco Mas, existem alguns problemas nessa tecnologia. Alguns jà ¡ foram citados anteriormente: Stored procedures: Nà £o existem stored procedures ou triggers, sendo necessà ¡rio programar na aplicaà §Ãƒ £o essas funà §Ãƒ µes, o que pode fazer cair o desempenho do sistema O modelo relacional jà ¡ està ¡ consolidado no mercado, acumulando anos de estudo e aprimoramento, oferecendo bom desempenho, mecanismos de otimizaà §Ãƒ £o, tratamento de concorrà ªncia. 5 Referà ªncias Vasiliev, Yuli, 2008, Querying JPA Entities with JPQL and Native SQL Disponà ­vel em http://www.oracle.com/technology/pub/articles/vasiliev-jpql.html. Apache Software Fundation, Apache JPA Users Guide Disponà ­vel em http://JPA.apache.org/builds/latest/docs/manual/manual.pdf. OLIVEIRA, H.E.M, 2008, JPA Passo a Passo, TDC The Developers Conference 2008 Disponà ­vel em http://www.thedevelopersconference.com.br/arquivos/TDC2008Floripa-jpa-henrique.pdf DB4Objects, DB4O Tutorial Disponà ­vel em: http://developer.db4o.com/files/folders/db4o_74/entry49672.aspx ENGIEL, P., 2008, Comparaà §Ãƒ £o entre as formas de persistir a programaà §Ãƒ £o orientada a objetos

Comparing the Han Dynasty and the Roman Empire Essay -- Han Dynasty vs

The Han Dynasty and the Roman Empire were two grand empires that rose out of preexisting territories and provided relative peace over wide areas. The collapse of the Qin Dynasty (221-206 BCE), which was the first great land-based empire in East Asia, came after a period of war, confusion, and tyrannical rule. Due to the political disorder that stemmed from the early dynastic activity, the emergence of the Han Dynasty (206 BCE- 228 CE) sprung to focus on restoring order. On the other hand, the rise of the Roman Empire (44 BCE- 476 CE) originated from consolidating authority over aristocratic landlords and overriding the democratic elements of the earlier Republic. Instead, the Roman Empire redefined the concept of â€Å"citizen† as subjects to the Roman emperor. Both empires shared similar agendas to exploit their vast territories and resources, which helped them expand their political dominance; however, despite having similar political goals and foundations, their government system, cultural ideologies and imperial expansionist natures diverged. Both the Han and Roman empires emphasized on territorial expansions. By utilizing their powerful militaries, they consolidated their power within and across borders, which created stable trade networks for their economic bases. Land equated to wealth and power. Through integration of the local domains, both empires succeeded in political stability. For the Han Empire, their expansion abroad pushed through ecological limits under Emperor Wu Di ( 181-87 BCE), who made military service compulsory. The army expanded bordered into northern Vietnam and southeastern China. Although there were military threats from the Xiongnu, the nomadic people of the north, Wu launched defense attacks that made ... ... weaker state will remain neutral from a military strength. Melians’ loss reaffirms the absolute power of imperial conquests and nationalism in theories of realism. Since the Melians were allied with the Spartans and failed to cooperate, it is justifiable that the Athenians had the right to want to rule and invade the Melians as means to protect their own strengths. Works Cited Gochberg, Donald S. World Literature and Thought. Fort Worth, TX: Harcourt College, 1997. Print. Pomeranz, Kenneth, James Buchanan. Given, Laura Jane Mitchell, and Robert L. Tignor.Worlds Together, Worlds Apart: A Companion Reader. New York: W.W. Norton &, 2011. Print. Polybius, Rome at the End of the Punic Wars. Ancient History Sourcebook Poetry of the Han Dynasty Thucydides, The Melian Debate Tung Chung-Shu, Luxuriant Gems of the Spring and Autumn Annals.

Cynthia Ozick :: essays papers

Cynthia Ozick Cynthia Ozick was an American short story writer, novelist, essayist, poet, and translator. She considers herself an American Jewish writer. Cynthia Ozick was a writer of fiction and non-fiction, but did not bloom her career until she was 32 years old. Her literary hero was Henry James. After Cynthia Ozick finished graduate school, she would read for hours. She tried to read all the books that she never read before. She tried to learn everything she could from the books that she read. Reading books are what influenced her to become a writer, so she began to read about the history of Jews, which inspired her to write about it. Cynthia Ozick wrote many short stories, novels, and essays about being in concentration camps. One of her famous short stories that had a setting in a concentration camp was â€Å"The Shawl†. Cynthia Ozick was not an actual witness to the Holocaust, but she did read many books about it. She began reading things that ran from Biblical times and went through the 19th century. When she first wanted to write about the Holocaust, Elie Wiesel asked her not too. Elie Wiesel was another author that wrote books about the Holocaust. Elie Wiesel experienced being in the Holocaust, and therefore was an actual survivor. Elie Wiesel asked Cynthia Ozick to wait a few years until there was no more witnesses to find fault with her representation of the Shoah. The Shoah is also known as Holocaust Day. This is the remembrance of all the Jews that were murdered during the Holocaust. The reason for that was because Cynthia Ozick falsified the event and mocked a sacred text. At all cost, the Shoal had to be secured. Cynthia Ozick was upset and hurt, not because she was reprimanded for making a minor historical error, but because she was treated as a stranger. Cynthia Ozick was an American Jew, not just an American. She was treated as if she was just an American. She was also treated as if she was an American writer that had no clue what the Holocaust was really about. Cynthia Ozick did know about the Holocaust, she learned about the Holocaust just by reading about it. Cynthia Ozick wrote a letter to Elie Wiesel stating that just because she was not a witness of the Holocaust and part American, she should not be excluded from being part Jewish.

Macbeth’s Downfall Was Brought on by His Ambition

The tragedy of Macbeth by William Shakespeare outlines how the lust for power can bring out the worst in people. This is evident through Macbeth’s vaulting ambition to be king which ultimately leads to his downfall. Through Macbeth wrestling with his conscience about the prophesies of the witches he started to gain the trait of ambition. We also see his ambition continue to grow through the persuasion by his soul mate which is also shown through the 1961 CBC TV production of Macbeth.His want to stay king brought out the tyrant within him and shows the evil side of Macbeth, letting his ambition take over. His growth of ambition through the play leads to his tragic death. Macbeth was given a glimpse of prosperity through the witches prophesies. â€Å"All hail Macbeth, thou art shalt be king hereafter† the use of the prophesises outlines foreshadowing within the play. The witches are telling Macbeth of his future and he is left to wrestle with his conscience.This is shown when Macbeth in his soliloquy says â€Å"this supernatural soliciting cannot be ill, cannot be good/ if ill why hath it given me earnest success† we see Macbeth wrestling with his conscience and his ambition starting to grow, he is starting to believe the witches and the seed of ambition is planted inside him, which is the first step leading to his demise. We see Macbeth’s ambition continue to grow and lead to his death through the persuasion of lady Macbeth. Lady Macbeth uses guilt to talk Macbeth into committing regicide and becoming king.This is shown through the quote â€Å"wouldst thou have that which thou esteemst the ornament of life and live a coward in thine own esteem letting â€Å"I dare not† wait upn â€Å"I would† like the poor cat I th’adage† the simile â€Å"the poor cat I th’adage outlines how Lady Macbeth uses guilt to talk Macbeth into killing the king by calling him a coward. This is also shown in the 1961 CBC tv p roduction of Macbeth when Lady Macbeth is using her feminism to persuade Macbeth, causing his ambition to grow even more.When you durst do it, then you were a man and to be more than what you were, you would be so much more the man† this quote shows how Lady Macbeth uses guilt and calling Macbeth a coward to persuade him to commit regicide. The persuasion of Lady Macbeth causes Macbeth’s ambition to continue to grow which another step is leading to his downfall. Macbeth’s desire to stay king brings out the tyrant within him, his vaulting ambition causes wrath on anyone who stands in his path, even his closest friend.This is shown when Macbeth is planning to kill his best friend, Banquo, â€Å"come seeling night/scarf up the tender eye of pitiful day and with thy bloody and invisible hand cancel and tear to pieces tgar great bond which keeps me pale† the use of dramatic irony in this quote shows us how much Macbeth’s ambition has taken over, and how he is not even hesitatint to murder his bestfriend, he is wishing for the night to come when Banquo’s death finally happens so all his fears will be washed away and he will be able to remain king.Macbeth’s desire to stay king causes him to kill his bestfriend, his ambition has taken over fully by this stage which is the final factor contributing to his death. We see Macbeths ambition start to grow when he is wrestling with his conscience about the witches prophesies. Furthermore , his ambition continues to grow through the persuasion of regicide from his soul mate and Macbeths desire to stay king unleashes his ambition, all these aspect contribute to Macbeth’s vaulting ambition, thus leading to his tragic death. Macbeth’s Downfall Was Brought on by His Ambition The tragedy of Macbeth by William Shakespeare outlines how the lust for power can bring out the worst in people. This is evident through Macbeth’s vaulting ambition to be king which ultimately leads to his downfall. Through Macbeth wrestling with his conscience about the prophesies of the witches he started to gain the trait of ambition. We also see his ambition continue to grow through the persuasion by his soul mate which is also shown through the 1961 CBC TV production of Macbeth.His want to stay king brought out the tyrant within him and shows the evil side of Macbeth, letting his ambition take over. His growth of ambition through the play leads to his tragic death. Macbeth was given a glimpse of prosperity through the witches prophesies. â€Å"All hail Macbeth, thou art shalt be king hereafter† the use of the prophesises outlines foreshadowing within the play. The witches are telling Macbeth of his future and he is left to wrestle with his conscience.This is shown when Macbeth in his soliloquy says â€Å"this supernatural soliciting cannot be ill, cannot be good/ if ill why hath it given me earnest success† we see Macbeth wrestling with his conscience and his ambition starting to grow, he is starting to believe the witches and the seed of ambition is planted inside him, which is the first step leading to his demise. We see Macbeth’s ambition continue to grow and lead to his death through the persuasion of lady Macbeth. Lady Macbeth uses guilt to talk Macbeth into committing regicide and becoming king.This is shown through the quote â€Å"wouldst thou have that which thou esteemst the ornament of life and live a coward in thine own esteem letting â€Å"I dare not† wait upn â€Å"I would† like the poor cat I th’adage† the simile â€Å"the poor cat I th’adage outlines how Lady Macbeth uses guilt to talk Macbeth into killing the king by calling him a coward. This is also shown in the 1961 CBC tv p roduction of Macbeth when Lady Macbeth is using her feminism to persuade Macbeth, causing his ambition to grow even more.When you durst do it, then you were a man and to be more than what you were, you would be so much more the man† this quote shows how Lady Macbeth uses guilt and calling Macbeth a coward to persuade him to commit regicide. The persuasion of Lady Macbeth causes Macbeth’s ambition to continue to grow which another step is leading to his downfall. Macbeth’s desire to stay king brings out the tyrant within him, his vaulting ambition causes wrath on anyone who stands in his path, even his closest friend.This is shown when Macbeth is planning to kill his best friend, Banquo, â€Å"come seeling night/scarf up the tender eye of pitiful day and with thy bloody and invisible hand cancel and tear to pieces tgar great bond which keeps me pale† the use of dramatic irony in this quote shows us how much Macbeth’s ambition has taken over, and how he is not even hesitatint to murder his bestfriend, he is wishing for the night to come when Banquo’s death finally happens so all his fears will be washed away and he will be able to remain king.Macbeth’s desire to stay king causes him to kill his bestfriend, his ambition has taken over fully by this stage which is the final factor contributing to his death. We see Macbeths ambition start to grow when he is wrestling with his conscience about the witches prophesies. Furthermore , his ambition continues to grow through the persuasion of regicide from his soul mate and Macbeths desire to stay king unleashes his ambition, all these aspect contribute to Macbeth’s vaulting ambition, thus leading to his tragic death.

Gulf Real Estates

Case Problem1: Bock investment Services The goal of Bock Investment Services (BJS) is to be the leading money market advisory service in South Carolina. To provide better service for their present clients and to attract new clients, BIS developed a weekly newsletter. BIS is considering adding a new feature to the newsletter that will report the results of a weekly telephone survey of fund managers. To investigate the feasibility of offering this service, and to determine what type of information to include in the newsletter, BIS selected a simple random sample of 45 money market funds.A portion of the data obtained is shown in Table below, which reports fund assets and yields for the past 7 and 30 days. Before calling the money market fund managers to obtain additional data, BIS decided to do some preliminary analysis of the data already collected. Managerial Report 1. Use appropriate descriptive statistics to summarize the data on assets and yields for the money market funds. 2. Dev elop a 95% confidence interval estimate of the mean assets, mean 7-day yield, and mean 30-day yield for the population of money market funds.Provide a managerial interpretation of each interval estimate. 3. Discuss the implication of your findings in terms of how BIS could use this type of information in preparing their weekly newsletter. Data for Bock Investment Services Money Market Fund Assets ($ millions) 7-Day Yield (%) 30-Day Yield (%) Amcore103. 94. 104. 08 Alger156. 74. 794. 73 Arch MM/Trust496. 54. 174. 13 BT Instit Treas197. 84. 374. 32 Benchmark Div2755. 44. 544. 47 Bradford707. 63. 883. 83 Capital Cash1. 74. 294. 22 Cash Mgt. Trust2707. 84. 144. 04 Composite122. 84. 033. 91 Cowen Standby694. 4. 254. 19 Cortland217. 33. 573. 51 Declaration38. 42. 672. 61 Dreyfus4832. 84. 013. 89 Elfun81. 74. 514. 41 FFB Cash506. 24. 174. 11 Federated Master738. 74. 414. 34 Fidelity Cash13272. 84. 514. 42 Flex-fund172. 84. 604. 48 Fortis105. 63. 873. 85 Franklin Money996. 83. 973. 92 Freed om Money1079. 04. 074. 01 Galaxy Money801. 44. 113. 96 Government Cash409. 43. 833. 82 Hanover Cash794. 34. 324. 23 Heritage Cash1008. 34. 084. 00 Infinity/Alpha53. 63. 993. 91 John Hancock226. 43. 933. 87 Landmark Funds481. 34. 284. 26 Liquid Cash388. 94. 614. 64 Market Watch10. 4. 134. 05 Merrill Lynch Money27005. 64. 244. 18 NCC Funds113. 44. 224. 20 Nationwide517. 34. 224. 14 Overland291. 54. 264. 17 Pierpont Money1991. 74. 504. 40 Portico Money161. 64. 284. 20 Prudential Money Mart6835. 14. 204. 16 Reserve Primary1408. 83. 913. 86 Schwab Money10531. 04. 164. 07 Smith Barnery Cash2947. 64. 164. 12 Stagecoach1502. 24. 184. 13 Strong Money470. 24. 374. 29 Transmerica Cash175. 54. 204. 19 United Cash323. 73. 963. 89 Woodward Money1330. 04. 244. 21 Case Problem 2: Gulf Real Estate Properties Gulf Real Estate Properties, Inc. is a real estate firm located in Southwest Florida. The company, which advertises itself as â€Å"expert in the real estate market,† monitors condominium sales by collecting data on location, list price, sale price, and number of days it takes to sell Sales Data for Gulf Real Estate Properties: Give View Condominiums No Gulf View Condominiums List Price Sale Price Days to Sell List Price Sale Price Days to Sell 495. 0475. 0130 217. 0 217. 0 182 379. 0350. 071148. 0135. 5338 529. 0519. 085186. 5179. 0122 552. 5534. 595239. 0230. 0150 334. 9334. 9119279. 0267. 5169 550. 505. 092215. 0214. 058 169. 9165. 0197279. 0259. 0110 210. 0210. 056179. 9176. 5130 975. 0945. 073149. 9144. 9149 314. 0314. 0126235. 0230. 0114 315. 0305. 088199. 8192. 0120 885. 0800. 0282210. 0195. 061 975. 0975. 0100226. 0212. 0146 469. 0445. 056149. 9146. 5137 329. 0305. 049160. 0160. 0281 365. 0330. 048322. 0292. 563 332. 0312. 088187. 5179. 048 520. 0495. 0161247. 0227. 052 425. 0405. 0149 675. 0669. 0142 409. 0400. 028 649. 0649. 029 319. 0305. 0140 425. 0410. 085 359. 0340. 0107 469. 0449. 072 895. 0875. 0129 439. 0430. 0160 435. 0400. 0206 235. 0 227. 91 638. 0 618. 0100 629. 0 600. 097 329. 0 309. 0114 595. 0555. 045 339. 0315. 0150 215. 0200. 048 395. 0375. 0135 449. 0 425. 053 499. 0 465. 086 439. 0 428. 5158 Managerial Report: 1. Use appropriate descriptive statistics to summarize each of the three variables for the 40 Gulf View condominiums. 2. Use appropriate descriptive statistics to summarize each of three variables for the 18 No Gulf View condominiums. 3. Compare your summary results. Discuss any specific statistical results that would help a real estate agent understand the condominium market. 4.Develop a 95% confidence interval estimate of the population mean sales price and population mean number of days to sell for Gulf View condominiums. Interpret your results. 5. Develop a 95% confidence interval estimate of the population mean sales price and population mean number of days to sell for No Gulf View condominiums Interpret your results. 6. Assume the branch manager requested estimates of the mean selling price of Gulf View condominiums with a margin of error of $40,000 and the mean selling price of No Gulf View condominiums with a margin of error of $15,000. Using 95% confidence, how large should the sample sizes be? . Gulf Real Estate Properties just signed contracts for two new listings: a Gulf View condominium with a list price of $589,000 and a No Gulf View condominium with a list price of $285,000. What is your estimate of the final selling price and number of days required to sell each of these units? a: sample mean +/- 1. 96*(st dev/sqrt(n)) 454222. 5 +/- 1. 96*192517. 75/sqrt(40) 394560. 6312 513884. 3688 The 95% CI is ($394,560. 63, $513,884. 37). Using Excel: 59660. 7736 $394,561. 73 $513,883. 27 The 95% CI is ($394,561. 73, $513,883†¦ Case Problem 3 Metropolitan Research, Inc. Metropolitan Research, Inc. a consumer research organization, conducts surveys designed to evaluate a wide variety of products and services available to consumers. In one particular study, Metropolitan looked at consumer satisfaction with the performance of automobiles produced by a major Detroit manufacturer. A questionnaire sent to owners of one of the manufacturer’s full-sized cars revealed several complaints about early transmission problems. To learn more about the transmission failures, Metropolitan used a sample of actual transmission repairs provided by a transmission repair firm in the Detroit area.The following data show the actual number of miles driven for 50 vehicles at the time of transmission failure. 85,092 32,609 59,465 77,437 32,534 64,090 32,464 59,902 39,323 89,641 94,219 116,803 92,857 63,436 65,605 85,861 64,342 61,978 67,998 59,817 101,769 95,774 121,352 69,568 74,276 66,998 40,001 72,069 25,066 77,098 69,922 35,662 74,425 67,202 118,444 53,500 79,294 64,544 86,813 116,269 37,831 89,341 73,341 85,288 138,114 53,402 85,586 82,256 77,539 88,798Managerial Report: 1. Use appropriate descriptive statistics to summarize the transmission failure data. 2. Develop a 95% confidence interval for the mean number of miles driven until transmission failure for the population of automobiles with transmission failure. Provide a managerial interpretation of the interval estimate. 3. Discuss the implication of your statistical finding n terms of the belief that some owners of the automobiles experienced early transmission failures. 4. How many repair records should be sampled if the research firm wants the population mean number of miles driven until transmission failure to be estimated with a margin of error of 5000 miles? Use 95 % confidence 5. What other information would you like to gather to evaluate the transmission failure problem more fully?